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Adjektivdeklination (vollständig)

Adjektivdeklinationfor English Speakers

Introduction

In English, adjectives never change: 'a tall man', 'the tall man', 'tall men'. In German, adjectives before a noun must take an ending that reflects gender, case, and number. The ending also depends on whether the adjective follows a definite article, indefinite article, or no article at all. This three-way system is one of the biggest hurdles for English speakers.

German vs English

In German

Ein alter Mann (an old man — mixed declension)

In English

An old man — 'old' never changes

Key Difference

German 'alt' gets -er ending to show masculine nominative after 'ein'; English 'old' stays 'old'.

In German

Kaltes Wasser (cold water — strong declension, no article)

In English

Cold water — 'cold' never changes

Key Difference

Without an article, German adjectives must carry the case/gender signal themselves.

Common Mistakes for English Speakers

Ich trinke ein kalt Wasser.

Leaving the adjective undeclined — English never adds endings, so it feels unnatural to do so.

Ich trinke ein kaltes Wasser.

Der alte Frau ist nett.

Mismatching the article gender (der instead of die for Frau) and then the adjective ending follows suit.

Die alte Frau ist nett.

Practice Examples

Ich mag deutschen Käse.

I like German cheese.

Das ist ein interessantes Buch.

That's an interesting book.

Die kleine Katze schläft.

The small cat is sleeping.

Memory Tip

If the article already shows gender/case, the adjective relaxes (-e or -en). If not, the adjective does the heavy lifting.

View Grammar Rule

Adjektivdeklination (vollständig)

AdjektivdeklinationB1

Practice Exercises

Adjektivdeklination (vollständig) Übungen

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